Ejector for magazine-guns



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. M. MARLIN.

EJEGTOR r011 MAGAZINE GUNS.

No. 271,091. Patented Jan.23, 1883.

- 2 Shee-ts-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. M; MARLIN.

EJBUTOR FOR MAGAZINE GUNS.

No. 271,091. Patented Jan.23, 1883.

NITED STATES PATENT Erica.

JOHN M. MARLIN, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,091, dated January23, 1883.

a Application filed November 23, 1881. (No model.)

T 0 all whom ttmay concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. MARLIN, of New Haven, in the county of NewHaven and Stateof Connecticut, have invented a new Improvementiii-Magazine Fire-Arms; and I do hereby declarethe following, when takenin connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters ofreferencemarked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same,and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, andrepresent,-in-

Figure l, a sectional side view; Figs. 2 to 13, lnclnsive, detachedviews.

Th is invention relates to an improvement in the class of fire-armscommonly called magazine fire-armsthat is to say, arms in which there isa receptacle for several cartridges to be successively transferred fromthe receptacle to the chamber in the barrel-and particularly to thatclass in which the breech-piece is a re ciprocating bolt in axial linewith the barrel, such as commonly called bolt guns, the object of theinvention being to overcome difficulties in the use of this class ofarms-that is to say, the misplacement of the cartridge as it comes fromthe magazine to the carrier and improvements in other details ofconstruction, more fully hereinafter described.

The general outline of the arm is that in which the breech-piece ismoved by means of a lever pivoted upon the under sideot'the receiver, soas to form the trigger-guard when the lever is in its closed or normalposition.

A. represents the frame or receiver, which is of usual form for thisclass of arms; B, the barrel, which is screwed into its position in theforward end of the receiver in the usual manner; C, the bolt orbreech-piece, arranged in substantially axial line with the barrel, andso as to be moved rearward from the barrel and forward toward the barrelto close the breech by means of a lever, D, hung upon a pivot, E, inthereceiver, below the breech-piece, the upper arm, F, of the leverengaging the bolt, so that as the lever is turned downward it will throwthe arm F backward, and with it take the bolt from its position to closethe barrel back into position to open the breech in the usualmanner-that is to say, as from the position in Fig. l to that seen inFig. 2.

G is the carrier, pivoted in rear of the pivot of the lever, as at a,the lever working through v a slot in the carrier, as seen in Figs. 3and 4.

Above the pivot of the carrier is a hearing, 1), against which the leverF will strike when turned, as seen in Fig. 2; and during the last partof the opening movement of the lever the arm F of that lever, strikingthe bearing I), will turn the rear end of the carrier downward, andraise the forward end'accordingly, as seen in Fig. 2. The carrier, whendown in its normal position, as seen in Fig. 1, is in line with themagazineH, so that the cartridges in the magazine will be pressedrearward, so that the last or rearmost cartridge in the magazine will beforced backward into the carrier, and when the lever is turned to drawback the breech piece it will, after the breech-piece has been drawnback, raise the carrier to present the cartridge so forced from themagazine in line with the barrel, and so that when the lever is turnedto force the breech-piece forward toward the barrel the breech-piecewill strike the head of the cartridge in the carrier and press itforward into the chamber of the arm in the usual manner.

As the cartridge comes onto the carrier it is necessarily moved underthe force of the spring of the magazine. Hence it is quick, and so quickas to be liable to be displaced by throwing it upward and in front ofthe breech-piece out of proper line, so that it will not lie in itsnecessary position in the carrier. To obviate this difliculty springshave been attached to the carrier which would press transversely inwardover the cartridge, so as to hold the cartridge down upon its seat inthe carrier, and so as to prevent the accidental displacement of thecartridge, either by the impulse given to it by the spring of themagazine, or because of the position of the arm-that is to say, if perchance the arm should be inverted when the transfer was made thecartridge would of its own weight tip toward the breech-piece, so as toeither fall from the arm or become so displaced as to be not in properposition for insertion to the arm, and therefore interfere with suchproper insertion. The springs attached to the carrier are objectionable,because of their liability to break or not perform their requiredoiiice.

make the two cheeks d (1 separate the one from the other, but united atthe rear; or, as

To avoid this difticulty I divide V the carrier longitudinallythat is tosay, I

may be, perhaps, better described, two arms, at I d, extend forward fromthe pivot to form the carrier, and between these arms the arm F oftheleverworks. The spacebetween theforward portion of the arm-that is tosay, forward of the point 0, (see Figs. 3 and 4,)is narrower than thewidth of the arm F of the lever, and at the point e is a shoulder overwhich the arm F may pass. Hence as the lever stands in its closedposition, as in Fig. 3, it is between the forward portions of the arms dd, and is of sufficient width to force them asunder sufficiently far topermit the head or flange of the cartridge to pass between the cheeks;but when the lever is opened, as seen in Fig. 2, it passes to the rearof the shoulder e, as seen in Fig. 4, which permits the two parts d d ofthe carrier to approach each other by their own elasticity, as seen inFig. 4. In that condition the space between the cheeks of the carrier isless than the diameter of the cartridge. Before the lever reaches itsposition in rear of the shoulder e-that is, while it is passing to thatposition from the position seen in Fig. 3- the cartridge follows theopening of the breechpiece onto 'the carrier between the cheeks of thecarrier, and when the head or flange has passed beyond the cheeks, thenthe arm F of the lever passes to the rear of the shoulder e and the twoparts of the carrier spring together,

closing over the cartridge, as seen in Fig. 5. Af-

ter the lever has passed the shoulder e on the two parts of the carrierit then strikes the bearingb and raises the forward end of the carrierintoits position in rearof the barrel, so that the cartridge which isheld between the checks of the carrier will be substantially in linewith the barrel, the cheeks of the carrier, as seen in Fig. 5,overhanging the cartridge, so that it cannot by any possibility escapeor pass out, even if the arm be inverted; but when the leveris returnedto force the breech-piece forward, and with it the cartridge from thecarrier, thearm F, striking upon the inclined shoulder 6 of the twoparts. of the carrier, forces them asunder sufficiently far to permitthe head or flange of the cartridge to pass between the cheeks of theforward end of the carrier, and so that the complete closing of thebreechpiece forces the cartridge originally in the grasp of the carrierdirectly into the chamber of the barrel, leaving the checks of thecarrier open, and in which condition the carrier is forced downward fromits position of presen tation to the chamber of the barrel to themagazine in the usual manner-that is to say, the arm F of the leverstriking a bearin g, f, on the carrier. By this construction thecartridge will enter upon the carrier and be there held in such aconditionthatit cannot be accidentally displaced.

At this point I would say that I am aware that a divided carrier hasheretofore been constructed, this part of my invention being limited tothe method of or construction by which the two parts or cheeks of thecarrier are opened-that is to say, simply by the upper arm, F, of thelever. In this class of arms the magazine is usually charged through theside of the receiver, as through an opening, I. (See Figs: 6, 7, and 8.)This opening is usually closed by a plate upon the inside of thereceiver, which is depressed or forced inward to permit the introductionof the cartridge through the openinginto'the magazine. Such introductionof the cartridge necessitates considerahle pressure upon the cover orplate in order to open the passage to the receiver. To overcome thisdifficulty 1- construct the cover L to be applied to the outside of thereceiver, and pivoted in rear of the opening, as at h, (see Fig. 6,) andso that this cover may be turned upward, as in broken lines, Fig. 6, (ormay be downward,) to expose the opening in the receiver. The tail part Lis made elastic, so as to practically apply spring-pressure upon thecover toward the-surface of the receiver to hold it in close positionwhen closed. Upon the inside the cover L extends into the opening 1 inthe receiver, so as to form a part of the inner wall of the receiverwhen the cover is closed, as seen in Figs. 7 and 8. The upper edge ofthe cover is inclined inward, as at t'. Figs. 7 and 8, so that as thecover is pressed upward, as in opening, the incline willw'ork againstthe upper edge of the openingand serve to force the cover outwardsufliciently far to permit it to pass onto the outer surface of thereceiver, as seen in Fig. 8. Then when the cover is brought back toplace the spring of the tail part serves to force the cover down to itsclosed and close position. The cover should be provided with a ledge orthumb-piece, k, as a convenient means for moving it.

Usually the magazine is charged when the parts are in their normalposition-that is to say, when the breech-piece is closed and the carrierdown but it sometimes occurs that the user of the arm desires to insertacartridge to the magazine while the carrier-block is up thatis, when thebreech is open. Usually when the arm is in this open condition thecarrierblock itself forms an obstruction between the opening in the sideof the receiver and the magazine, so that it is impossible to insert atoo cartridge to the magazine when the arm is in i that condition. Toovercome this difficulty I cut awaythe lower edge of the carrier nextthe opening in the receiver, as at m, Figs. 8 and 9. By thus cuttingaway the lower forward portion of the carrier-that is, that part of itwhich lies directly inside the opening I in the receiver-+1 remove theobstruction which the carrier-block ordinarily offers to the insertionof the cartridges through the opening in the receiver to the magazinewhen the parts are in their open condition.

When the carrier returns into itsposition in rear of the magazine, afterhaving been delivered of a cartridge, the next or rearmost cartridge isimmediately thrown to the rear, and toward or onto the carrier-block;but as there is necessarily considerable play of the cartridge its headis liable to rise too high for itto properly enterthe carrier when thebreechpiece retreats. To overcome this difficulty I construct thebreech-piece with a shoulder; n, upon its face, substantially in linewith the upper side or highest point of the magazine. This shoulder Imake by projection or projections n forward from the breech-piece, asseen in Figs. and12. There is an arm, P, which extends down from thebreech-piece, so as to form a stop in rearof the magazine, and againstwhich the cartridge-heads will strike. The shoulder lies above the headof the cartridge, which follows the breech-piece in its rear movement,and hence prevents that head from rising out of its proper line andinsures its seat in the carrier.

The extractor-hook 1" is arranged on the top of the breech-piece in theusual manner, as seen in Figs. 11, 12, and 13. I The extractorhookengages the flangeof the cartridge when the breech-piece is closed, insubstantially the usual manner, and holds it until the cartridge iswithdrawn. To relieve the cartridge from the grasp of the extractor-hook1' when it shall have been withdrawn, I arrange a cradle, s,

beneath the extractor-hook, as seen in Fig. 10, and forward of the pointat which the extractor is attached to the breech-piece. When in itsnormal condition the spring of the hook presses the cradle into itshorizontal or flat position, as seen in Fig. 10. From the cradle aprojection or projectionsfl, extend up upon one or both sides oftheextractonhook, as seen in Fig. 13, and above the hook as seen in Fig.10, this projection being on the rear part of the cradle, and so thatwhen the breeclrpiece is withdrawn this projection or projections itfrom the cradle will pass beneath an incline, u, on the receiver, asseen in Fig. 10, and, continuing its movement, will by such incline bepressed downward, turning the forward edge of the cradle upward, as seenin Fig. 11, this up ward turning of the forward edge of the cradleraising the extractor-hook, as seen in Fig. 11, which leaves thecartridge-head free.

In the arm P, which extends downward from the breech-piece O, theejector R is hinged, as at to, (see Figs. 11 and 12,) in the usualmanner, the ejector being provided with a spring, which will tend toforce it outward, as seen in Fig. 11, but which isrcom pressed by thehead of the cartridge, as seen in Fig. 10, and so that so soon as theextractor-hook has been raised by the cradle, as before described, thespring will reactand force the ejector forward and outward, as seen inFig. 11, imparting to the cartridge a force which will eject it from thearm, as indicated in Fig. 11.

I claim- The combination of a longitudinally-reciproeating breech-piece,a spring extractor-hook, 1", the cradle s, seated in the breech-piecebeneath the extractor, constructed with projection t upward from thebreech-piece, and an incline, u, on the receiver, against which saidprojections from the cradle will strike during the latter part of therear movement of the breech-piece to tip the said cradle and raise theextractor-hook, sn bstantially as described.

JOHN M. MARLIN.

